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	<title>Janela na web &#187; Tata</title>
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		<title>As seis manias dos inovadores</title>
		<link>http://janelanaweb.com/novidades/as-seis-manias-dos-inovadores/</link>
		<comments>http://janelanaweb.com/novidades/as-seis-manias-dos-inovadores/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 11 Feb 2010 12:09:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jorge Nascimento Rodrigues</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Ardina na Crise]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Entrevistas Gurus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Novidades]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tendências]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Blackbarry]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[contracorrente]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[features]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hal Gregersen]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Insead]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Jeff Bezos]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Kelleher]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Lego]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[lego mental]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Michael Dell]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nano]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Omidyar]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pensamento lateral]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Skype]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Steve Jobs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tata]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://janelanaweb.com/?p=412</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[O que distingue os empreendedores revolucionários dos empresários e dos executivos não são traços de personalidade. É a forma de estar no mundo e de pensar, diz-nos Hal Gregersen do INSEAD, que estudou durante seis anos casos de carne e osso.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Para pensar diferente é preciso, primeiro, agir diferente – não o contrário, que habitualmente ouvimos repetir a alguns gurus de <em>management</em>. “Não se pensa diferente a partir do nada”, sublinha-nos <a href="mailto:hal.gregersen@insead.edu">Hal B. Gregersen</a>, um professor norte-americano de liderança que dá aulas no <em>campus</em> do INSEAD, uma escola francesa de negócios, em Abu Dhabi, nos Emirados Árabes Unidos.</p>
<p>O agir diferente parece ser uma das características distintivas dos empreendedores que mudaram a economia, “que provocaram disrupções”, refere Gregersen, numa curta entrevista. <a href="http://50.insead.edu/community/hal-b-gregersen">Gregersen</a> acabou, recentemente um estudo de seis anos sobre os inovadores, em conjunto com outros dois professores norte-americanos, Jeffrey Dyer, da Brigham Young University do Utah, e Clayton Christensen, da Harvard Business School em Boston, um reputado especialista nesta área.</p>
<p>Os três académicos estudaram em profundidade 25 casos de inovação das décadas mais recentes que não suscitam grande polémica – como, por exemplo, os americanos Steve Jobs (que saiu e reentrou na empresa que fundou, um caso surpreendente, diz o nosso interlocutor), da Apple, Jeff Bezos da Amazon, Michael Dell da Dell, Herb Kelleher da Southest Airlines, Pierre Omidyar da eBay, a que juntaram o canadiano Mike Lazaridis criador do Blackbarry, o europeu Niklas Zennstrom co-fundador do Skype e o indiano Ratan Tata, do Grupo Tata, ainda, recentemente em foco pelo lançamento do ‘Nano’, o carro low cost. Gente com quem falaram, inquirindo os detalhes da forma de agirem e de pensarem para sobre eles poderem traçar um perfil comum. Validaram-no depois em 4000 inquéritos junto de executivos e empreendedores de todo o mundo.</p>
<p><strong>Um Lego mental</strong></p>
<p>Descobriram que a inovação não vem de traços de personalidade, como é usual referir-se para os executivos ou os capitães de negócios que são pintados como “personalidades fortes”.</p>
<p>A inovação vem de:</p>
<p>1- uma atitude a contracorrente perante o mundo;<br />
2- uma certa habilidade cognitiva para combinar observações e ideias dispersas (que reconhecem oportunidades e gerem inovações);  e de<br />
3- outros quatro processos de “descoberta” típicos de uma mente inovadora: observar (“como se fosse uma mosca”, diz Gregersen), perguntar (“mesmo gerando irritação, ou pelo menos desconforto nos agarrados à situação”), experimentar sempre e conviver em rede com gente muito diversa (evitando o que se designa por <em>groupthinking</em>, ou pensamento de seita).</p>
<p>São seis elos que formam o que os três professores baptizaram de “ADN dos inovadores”.</p>
<p>O investigador diz que o que é comum a todos é:<br />
a) a arte de combinar o impensável e o que, à primeira vista, parece nada ter de comum, uma espécie de “jogo do Lego mental” que ele atribui a uma forma de pensar específica que outros designam por “pensamento lateral”;<br />
b) “a irreverência de perguntar, perguntar, perguntar”, muitas vezes fazendo “o papel de advogado do diabo”; e<br />
c) nunca delegarem o trabalho criativo para outros, metem as mãos nele.</p>
<p>E acrescenta que este comportamento não se vê habitualmente entre os executivos que são profundamente “situacionistas”. Gregersen conclui, no entanto, que estas seis manias dos inovadores só em 1/3 são fruto da genética pessoal; em 2/3 podem vir da aprendizagem. Por isso &#8211; tranquiliza o leitor &#8211; são dissemináveis.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.insead.edu/facultyresearch/faculty/profiles/hgregersen/">Hal Gregersen</a> é co-autor de um livro recente intitulado ‘<a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0132319845/janelanawebjnrA/">Começa por um: Mudando pessoas muda as organizações’</a> (Wharton, 2008), onde ele explica um efeito dominó: “Você começa por mudar as pessoas, um a um, e muda as organizações. Muda as organizações e mudará as instituições. Muda as instituições e mudará os países. Se os líderes, individualmente encarados, sobretudo os seniores, tivessem feito as coisas de um modo diferente, teríamos potencialmente evitado a crise”.</p>
<p><strong>Tome Nota</strong><br />
<strong>O ADN dos inovadores: os seis elos<br />
</strong></p>
<p>. Atitude: anti-situacionismo na massa do sangue (no jargão, espírito contra-intuitivo)<br />
. Habilidade cognitiva: arte de associar e combinar (no jargão, pensamento “lateral”)<br />
. Postura de mobilidade: observar como uma mosca<br />
. Perguntar sempre: o que é incómodo<br />
. Experimentar:  sempre<br />
. Viver: em rede fora do seu grupo mais restrito (profissão, convicções, especialidade, amigos)</p>
<p><em>ENTREVISTA RÁPIDA</em></p>
<p><em><strong>P: Numa situação de crise, como a que continuamos a viver, qual das manias dos inovadores é crítica?</strong><br />
R: Perguntar, fazer perguntas incómodas, é a essência da inovação. Sem perguntas – não há inovação. A melhor prenda que podemos oferecer a nós próprios e aos que nos rodeiam é lançar uma pergunta que desafie a situação. O único caminho para sair de uma Grande Recessão é mudar as nossas perguntas e, por esse meio, mudar a nossa direcção.</em></p>
<p><em><strong>P: O vosso perfil de inovadores não estará enviesado por se referir, na quase totalidade, a casos dos Estados Unidos? Nos 25 “modelos” escrutinados apenas há um canadiano, um indiano e um europeu.</strong><br />
R: Nós coligimos dados de 4000 executivos e empreendedores em todo o mundo. As seis características comportamentais de que falamos transcendem por todo o lado as empresas e a cultura específica nacional de cada inovador.</em></p>
<p><em><strong>P: O principal ingrediente desta gente é o seu espírito a contracorrente?</strong><br />
R: Talvez não seja o principal ingrediente. Mas uma coisa é certa, a vontade de desafiar o <em>status quo</em> está no coração de qualquer inovador. É isso que os empurra para perguntar, observar, experimentar, inserirem-se em redes e, em última análise, criarem novas combinações de ideias que acabam por fazer uma real diferença no mundo.</em></p>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Os concorrentes que vieram do Terceiro Mundo</title>
		<link>http://janelanaweb.com/novidades/os-concorrentes-que-vieram-do-terceiro-mundo/</link>
		<comments>http://janelanaweb.com/novidades/os-concorrentes-que-vieram-do-terceiro-mundo/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 07 Dec 2008 12:12:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jorge Nascimento Rodrigues</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Ardina na Crise]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Entrevistas Gurus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Novidades]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Reportagens]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tendências]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[BRIC]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cemex]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Challengers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Embraer]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[emergentes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[features]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[globality]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[globalização]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[multinacionais Terceiro Mundo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tata]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://janelanaweb.com/?p=49</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[A globalização teria dado lugar à globalidade. Os líderes sectoriais podem hoje surgir de qualquer lado. Muitos deles estão a surgir de onde menos se esperava – dos emergentes, diz um estudo da consultora The Boston Consulting Group. Uma conversa com Harold Sirkin, da BGC]]></description>
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<p class="MsoNormal">A concorrência vem agora dos quatro cantos do planeta. A vaga de globalização iniciada há mais de um século pelo capital financeiro e pelas multinacionais «ocidentais» foi surpreendida, na última década, por um grupo crescente de empresas dos países do antigo Terceiro Mundo, pobre, dependente, periférico e atrasado.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">A globalização teria dado lugar à “globalidade” e a galeria de companhias de projecção mundial conta hoje com líderes sectoriais incontestáveis que vieram do “Sul”, diz Harold Sirkin, do The Boston Consulting Group (BCG) em Chicago e co-autor do estudo que leva como título sugestivo ‘<a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0446178292/janelanawebjnrA/">Globalidade – competindo com toda a gente de todo o lado por tudo</a>’. Uma situação que está “a alterar radicalmente e continuará a mudar o quadro da concorrência no mundo”, afirma-nos este consultor sénior, há 27 anos no BCG.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">As empresas emergentes como que subiram uma escada a pulso – de fornecedores baratos em subcontratação (graças ao famoso movimento de «outsourcing» e «offshoring» no Terceiro Mundo protagonizado pelas multinacionais ocidentais) ganharam vida própria e acabaram por «atacar» directamente os próprios mercados ricos dominados pelos seus antigos clientes.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><strong>Repetição e novidade</strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">O fenómeno não é novo, diz Sirkin. No século XIX e no início do século XX ocorreu o mesmo com as companhias emergentes dos Estados Unidos, depois nas décadas de 1960 e 1970 com a ascensão das empresas japonesas que trouxeram novas marcas ao mundo que abalaram a competitividade ocidental, e mais tarde na década de 1990 com a projecção das empresas coreanas.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Mas agora há uma diferença – sublinha o nosso interlocutor. “O que é novo é a dimensão da vaga potencial e as condições em que está a emergir. Os 14 países que designamos na BCG de ‘economias em desenvolvimento rápido’ somam mais de 3 mil milhões de almas. E o processo é hoje muito mais rápido”, diz Sirkin. As razões são conhecidas: a Internet, o sistema de logística e a própria possibilidade das empresas do “Sul” subcontratarem o melhor em design, marketing ou mesmo investigação nos EUA, Europa ou Japão.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Sirkin fala de 14 países e não apenas dos quatro BRIC (Brasil, Rússia, Índia e China) hoje em moda. Um dos indicadores que a consultora montou foi o 100 Global Challengers. A mais recente lista, liderada pela China à frente dos outros três BRIC, inclui também casos do México, Turquia, Tailândia e Malásia. Nos três casos que mais o impressionaram, o consultor escolhe o grupo Tata indiano, a Embraer brasileira, número um no segmento de aviões regionais, e a BYD chinesa, líder em baterias para telemóveis. Aliás, refira-se que há outros casos bem conhecidos de líderes mundiais que vieram do “Sul”, como a Cemex mexicana nos cimentos, ou a Vale do Rio Doce, brasileira, nos minérios. “Já nem se trata de desafiadores, pois são líderes incontestados e pode aprender-se bastante com eles, pois identificaram novos modelos de negócio e novas formas de os fazer”, conclui ironicamente Harold Sirkin (ver 7 Lições), que concedeu <a href=" http://janelanaweb.com/novidades/learning-from-the-emergent-multinationals/ ">uma entrevista</a> à Janelanaweb.com (em inglês).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">CAIXA</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">7 lições (que se podem aprender com as multinacionais emergentes)</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">
<p class="MsoNormal">. Ter em conta as diferenças de custo</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">. Desenvolver os Recursos Humanos</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">. Penetrar em profundidade nos mercados</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">. Seleccionar as oportunidades uma a uma</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">. Pensar em grande, agir rapidamente, ultrapassar fronteiras</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">. Inovar com engenho e simplicidade</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">. Abraçar a multiplicidade</p>
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		<item>
		<title>Learning from the Emergent Multinationals</title>
		<link>http://janelanaweb.com/novidades/learning-from-the-emergent-multinationals/</link>
		<comments>http://janelanaweb.com/novidades/learning-from-the-emergent-multinationals/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 29 Nov 2008 19:21:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jorge Nascimento Rodrigues</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[English articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Entrevistas Gurus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Novidades]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tendências]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[BCG]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[BRIC]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[competition]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Embraer]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Emergents]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[features]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Global Challengers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[globality]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[globalization]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Harold Sirkin]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[multinationals]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tata]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[The Boston Consulting Group]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Third World]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://janelanaweb.com/?p=45</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[How the ‘Third World’ global companies reshaped competition. A conversation with Harold Sirkin of Boston Consulting Group: «Globality is more than the title of a book - it's the reality of business.»

]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US">In <a href="http://www.bcg.com/globality/"><strong><em>GLOBALITY: Competing with Everyone from Everywhere for Everything</em></strong></a>, authors Harold L. Sirkin, James W. Hemerling and Arindam K. Bhattacharya contend that the old model of globalization is evolving into a new phase in which &#8220;challengers&#8221; from rapidly developing economies such as Brazil, Russia, India and China (the famous BRICs) are competing with incumbent Western giants and growing at a staggering 30% per year. The book was <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0446178292/janelanawebjnrA/">published</a> last June.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"><strong>PROFILE</strong></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">SIRKIN is a Senior Partner and Global Leader of the Operations Practice, of The Boston Consulting Group in Chicago. He has 27 years with the consulting firm and extensive experience in operations across a wide range of topics, industries and geographies. Hal is a recognized expert on the subjects of globalization, innovation, operations and change management. In 2007, he coauthored the book <em>Payback: Reaping the Rewards of Innovation</em> (Harvard Business School Publishing). His latest book, <em>GLOBALITY: Competing with Everyone from Everywhere for Everything</em>, was published by Business Plus, a division of Hachette Books, in June 2008. Outside of BCG, Hal serves on the board of the Illinois Technology Development Alliance, which works with entrepreneurs to create high-growth technology companies. He earned an MBA from the University of Chicago (first in his class) and a BS from the Wharton School (<em>summa cum laude</em>).</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">INTERVIEW by Jorge Nascimento Rodrigues</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt;" lang="EN-US">Hal Sirkin: «We call this phase that came after globalization &#8211; globality, where the companies from the developing world compete with those from the developed world.» </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"><strong>Q: Do you think we are seeing a shift in globalization? If so why and since when?</strong> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US">HS: Globalization was primarily about companies from the developed world, primarily the US, Western Europe and Japan looking to the developing world to produce products and services for them at significantly lower cost because of very low (less than €1 per hour) wage rates.  This allowed these developed world companies to be more competitive in their home markets causing them to gain market share.  The developing world was just a source of low cost production. However, about six or seven years ago, we began to notice a fundamental shift in globalization.  Some of the companies in the developing world that the developed world companies &#8220;outsourced&#8221; their production, call centers and IT services, began to produce products and services to sell directly in the developed world. </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"><strong>Q: What happened then?</strong></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US">HS: Their developed world customers had taught them how to produce and develop products that met the standards required by the developed world customers at lower costs than the companies that they were selling them to.  These developing world companies decided that they could make more money and get control of their own destiny, if they went direct.  They wanted to have their own brands.  They wanted to be multinationals themselves rather than being dependent on others.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"><strong>Q: And what consequences for the global system?</strong></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US">HS: We call this phase that came after globalization &#8211; globality, where the companies from the developing world compete with those from the developed world.  It has and will continue to alter the balance of competition in the world and will allow billions of people in the developing world to raise their standard of living &#8211; often from abject poverty to the early stages of consumerism. This is why we say companies will be competing with Everyone from Everywhere for Everything.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"><strong>Q: Can we talk of a new wave of multinationals from the old “Third World”? </strong></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US">HS: Yes, a significant portion of what we used to call the &#8220;third world&#8221; we now call the &#8220;rapidly developing economies&#8221; (RDEs).  We are seeing companies from these RDEs expanding from their countries of origin to become multinationals.  There are literally hundreds of companies that are becoming multinationals.  Three or four years ago, we began to identify these companies and create a list of the 100 important multinational companies from the rapidly developing economies -<a href="http://www.bcg.com/impact_expertise/publications/publication_list.jsp?pubID=2495">The BCG 100 Global Challengers</a>.  We continue to do this and should release the next version in January.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"><strong>Q: In Capitalism History, in different times, we had other surges from the less developed countries.</strong></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US">HS: Of course, this is not the first time that we&#8217;ve seen a wave of companies from the developing world reaching markets in the developed world. In the late 1800s and early 1900s, the United States was a rapidly developing economy that created companies that had significant cost advantages and challenged companies in European countries.  In the 1960s and 1970s, we saw companies like Toyota, Honda and Sony from Japan do the same.  We saw this also repeat in Korea in the 1990s.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt;" lang="EN-US">Sirkin: «Now when a Chinese or Indian company designs cars for the US or European markets, they can outsource the styling of their products, so they can meet the needs of the developed world consumers to automotive styling shops in Los Angeles, Rome or Paris. »</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"><strong>Q: What’s the difference now?</strong></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US">HS: What&#8217;s different here is the size of the potential wave and the conditions under which this is taking place.  The 14 rapidly developing economies account for more than 3 billion people which is twenty times the size of the population of Japan (120 million people.  So we should expect many times the number of companies like Sony, Toyota and Honda that we saw from Japan&#8217;s progress from rapidly developing to developed world. We also expect that this will take place faster.  The internet has lowered the cost of long-distance communications to almost nothing and increased the quality of those communications.  It also makes it easier to get access to all the world&#8217;s knowledge and find suppliers and customers anywhere in the world.  For example, when Toyota shipped its first cars to the US, they were viewed as a joke, they may have met the needs of the Japanese consumer in the 1960s, but they didn&#8217;t met the needs of the American consumer.  Now when a Chinese or Indian company designs cars for the US or European markets, they can outsource the styling of their products, so they can meet the needs of the developed world consumers to automotive styling shops in Los Angeles, Rome or Paris.  Additionally, our transportation system &#8211; both sea and air - is both faster and more efficient than it was in the 1960s.   All of this means we will see change take place faster than we have ever seen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"><strong>Q: In the G 12 (the G20 less the G8 big incumbent guys), which countries do you think has the most globalized multinationals? Only the BRICs group?</strong> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US">HS: While the BRICs dominate the list, it is more than just the BRICs.  Of the BCG 100 Global Challengers in 2008, 41 come from China, 20 from India, 13 from Brazil and 6 from Russia.  However, 7 come from Mexico, 3 from Turkey, 2 from Thailand and 2 from Malaysia.  I expect that we will see a higher percentage coming from the non-BRICs in our next issues of BCGs 100 Global Challengers.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"><strong>Q: If you would choose two or three case studies from this wave of new multinationals, which ones you would consider the most interesting?</strong></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US">HS: In <em>Globality</em>, we mention more than 200 companies and cover many in depth, so it&#8217;s very hard to choose only two or three.  But let me give it a try: BYD, a Chinese manufacturer of  NiCad  batteries for mobile phones; Tata, the Indian conglomerate with more than 20 billion Euros in turnover; and  Embraer, the Brazilian company that has become the #1 manufacturer of regional jets. </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt;" lang="EN-US">Sirkin: « The new multinationals are serious competitors.  In some cases, they have become number one in their industries. They are no longer challengers because they are now the leaders in their industries.»</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"><strong>Q: Do you think the new multinationals are serious competitors for the incumbents? In which sectors or segments do you think this competition has greater impact?</strong> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US">HS: Yes, the RDE multinationals are serious competitors.  In some cases, they have become number one in their industries.  For example, Goodbaby, the Chinese manufacturer of baby strollers and other baby products, is the largest manufacturer of baby strollers world wide with a 28% (largest) share of the US market and more than 400 million households use their products.  Embraer, the Brazilian manufacturer of regional jets, is the #1 manufacturer of regional jets.  Vale (CVRD), the Brazilian mining company, is the #1 producer of iron ore and pellets and Cemex, the Mexican cement manufacture, is the #1 producer of ready-mix.  These companies are more than serious challengers.  They are no longer challengers because they are now the leaders in their industries.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt;" lang="EN-US">Sirkin: « The incumbent multinationals can learn a lot from the new ones &#8211; basically because the new ones have identified new business models and new ways of doing business. »</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"><strong>Q: What can the incumbent multinationals from the West and Japan learn with these new multinationals? </strong></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US">HS: The incumbent multinationals can learn a lot from the new ones &#8211; basically because the new ones have identified new business models and new ways of doing business.  This has happened for two major reasons: first they had little resources to work with (and as we say in the US, necessity is the mother of invention), so they were forced to find creative ways to do things to compete and secondly, they did not know &#8220;the way to do things&#8221; and therefore invented their own ways which in many cases turned out to be better. In <strong>Globality</strong>, we identified seven struggles (see BOX) that the new multinationals are facing which provide lessons for the incumbents. In each one of these struggles, incumbents can find lessons that the challengers have/are learning and can adopt them to their companies to improve their performance.  Doing this well and doing this early creates substantial opportunities for the incumbents who can serve the billion people in the rapidly developing world who are moving from abject poverty to consumerism who are looking to companies to provide them with new goods and service and who are likely to trust developed world brands .  (It&#8217;s important to note that the combined population of the US, Western Europe and Japan is less than a billion people.  So this new market represents a massive growth opportunity over the next 20 years).</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US">BOX</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><strong><span lang="EN-US">7 LESSONS FROM THE «STEALTH» COMPETITORS</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US">1) Minding the Cost Gap.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US">2) Growing People</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US">3) Reaching Deep into Markets</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US">4) Pinpointing</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US">5) Thinking Big, Acting Fast and Going Outside</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US">6) Innovating with Ingenuity</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US">7) Embracing Manyness<strong></strong></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;">
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US"><strong>Q: What was the most interesting feedback you received from readers of your book? </strong></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US">HS: We&#8217;ve gotten a lot of very positive feedback on the book, but perhaps the most interesting comes from CEOs in the US, Western Europe and Japan, as they recognize the magnitude of the wave of competitors that they are being to see and the challenges that they face.  They recognize that companies, for the most part, can not survive by just being local (unless they are small) and have to be global players.  They recognize that they have to take seriously companies from what they used to call the &#8220;third world&#8221; as competitors. Seeing major companies understand and act on both the potential challengers and the opportunities in these rapidly developing markets is both interesting and very satisfying. <em> Globality</em> is more than the title of a book &#8211; it&#8217;s the reality of business.</span></p>
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